His greatest literary creation, the drug-taking, violin-playing, master-of-disguise detective Sherlock Holmes, was first introduced in the 1887 novella, A Study in Scarlet and became an immediate and enduring success. While Holmes made his reputation and financial security, Conan Doyle thought more of his other literary output which included historical romances, adventure novels and studies of spiritualism. He was knighted in 1902 for public services, which included producing propaganda defences of Britain's role in the Boer Wars and serving as a war correspondent during the First World War.
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